Homework 1. CHEM 466. Introduction to Instrumental Analysis and Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy ( Dr. Upali Siriwardane)

1. Describe following terms associated measurements using an instrument:

a) Precision & accuracy

b) Absolute error

c) Population mean

d) Population Standard Deviation

2. Describe following terms involved with an instrument

a) Data Domains

b) Detector

c) Transducer

d) Sensor

e) Monochromator

3. Describe following terms and methods associated with instrumental analysis

a) Standard sample

b) Blank sample

c) Calibration curve

d) Dynamic range.

e) Linear regression

f) Standard Addition Method

4. Describe following terms associated with instrumental analysis

a) Sensitivity

b) S/N ratio

c) Fourier Transformation (FT) in increasing sensitivity and S/N ratio

d) Detection Limit, DOL, and DOQ.

e) Matrix and interference

5. Describe following atomization techniques and compare their performance:

a) Flame atomization

b) Electrothermal atomization ( graphite furnace method)

6. Describe how a hollow cathode lamp work as a radiation source for atomic absorption spectrometer.

7. Describe how single and double beam atomic absorption spectrometers correct absorption or scattering due to flame.

8. Describe how two line, continuum-source and Zeeman-effect correct the back ground absorption in atomic absorption due to spectrometers.

9. Describe following interferences in atomic absorption and how it is minimized.

a) Spectral interferences

b) Chemical interferences

10. Describe following chemical interferences due to:

a) Low volatile compounds

b) dissociation equilibria

c) Ionization equilibira