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   	Solid, liquid, and gas states | 
 
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   Fig. 1.3	The green color of the Statue of Liberty results from the reaction of
       copper with the components of air. | 
 
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   "Good" versus "Bad" Properties for a Chemical
       Substance | 
 
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   The melting of ice cream is a physical change involving a change of
       state; solid turns to liquid. | 
 
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 	As a result of chemical change, bright steel girders become rusty when
       exposed to moist air. | 
 
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   A magnet and a mixture consisting of potassium dichromate (orange
       crystals) and iron fillings. | 
 
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   Fig 1.7  Matter falls into two
       basic classes; pure substances and mixtures. Mixtures, in turn, may be
       homogeneous or heterogeneous. | 
 
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   Fig 1.8  A pure substance can be
       either an element or a compound. | 
 
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    Fig. 1.9	Questions used in classifying matter into various categories. | 
 
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   	Abundance of elements in the universe and in Earth’s crust (in atom
       percent) | 
 
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   C.C. 1.2 Elemental Composition of the Human Body | 
 
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   Fig. 1.12                                            
       A computer reconstruction of the surface of a sample of graphite
       (carbon) as observed with a scanning tunneling microscope. The image
       reveals the regular pattern of individual carbon atoms. The color was
       added to the image by computer. | 
 
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   Fig. 1.13	254 million atoms arranged in a straight line would extend a distance
       of approximately 1 inch. | 
 
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   Fig 1.14  Molecular structure of
       (a) chlorine, (b) phosphorus, and (c) sulfur | 
 
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   Fig. 1.15     Depictions of various simple
       heteroatomic molecules using models. Spheres of different sizes and
       colors represent different kinds of atoms. | 
 
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   Example 1.2	Classify each of the following molecules as (1) diatomic, triatomic,
       etc. (2) homoatomic or heterotomic and (3) representing an element of a
       compound. | 
 
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   Practice Example 1.2	Classify each of the following molecules as (1) diatomic, triatomic,
       etc. (2) homoatomic or heterotomic and (3) representing an element of a
       compound. |