|  |  |  |  |  |  |  | 
   
    | • | Each orbital can
    hold at most two electrons. 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | Electrons also
    have spin (turning on an axis) 
 | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | and have magnetic
    properties (deflected in 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | magnetic field).
    Electrons in the same 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | orbital must have
    opposite spins. If they 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | have opposite
    spins the electrons are said to 
 |  | 
   
    |  | 
   
    |  | be paired. 
 |  |